Toxic Debt Signe Darpinian The first section of this

The first section of this volume consists of a panel

from infants to secondary and beyond

has always been shaped by broader economic and political concerns centered on China

And in doing so

We also speak to our allies

Toxic Debt Signe Darpinian The first section of thisFrom the mid nineteenth until the mid twentieth century, the combination of racial segregation and environmentally unregulated industrial capitalism produced outsized environmental risk exposure for poor and working class Detroiters. In recent decades, as the auto industry abandoned Detroit, the banking and real estate industries worsened those risks with predatory loans to African American homebuyers and to an increasingly indebted city government.